cpp / beginner
Snippet
Structures for Data Grouping
Structures (struct) allow you to group related variables of different types into a single unit. Think of a struct as a custom data type you define yourself. Each variable within a struct is called a member. You can access members using the dot operator (.). Structs are the foundation for creating complex data types and are similar to classes, but members are public by default.
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#include <iostream>#include <string>struct Student {std::string name;int age;double gpa;};int main() {Student s1;s1.name = "Anna";s1.age = 20;s1.gpa = 3.8;Student s2 = {"Ben", 22, 3.5};std::cout << s1.name << ": " << s1.gpa << std::endl;std::cout << s2.name << ": " << s2.gpa << std::endl;return 0;}
Breakdown
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struct Student { ... };
Defines a new struct type called Student with three members
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Student s1;
Creates an instance of Student struct on the stack
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s1.name = "Anna";
Assigns a value to the name member using dot operator
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Student s2 = {"Ben", 22, 3.5};
Initializes struct members in declaration order using brace initialization
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s1.gpa
Accesses the gpa member of struct s1