Custom Error Hierarchy with Cause Chains in Next.js Server Actions

export class ActionError extends Error {
  constructor(message, status = 500, cause = null) {
    super(message, { cause });
    this.name = 'ActionError';
    this.status = status;
    this.timestamp = Date.now();
  }
}
 
export function handleActionFailure(err) {
  if (err instanceof ActionError) {
    return { success: false, error: err.message, status: err.status, rootCause: err.cause?.message };
  }
  return { success: false, error: 'Internal Server Error', status: 500 };
}