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Leveraging Virtual Threads for Scalable Web Services

Spring Boot 3.2+ supports Java 21's Virtual Threads. By configuring the executor, the server can handle thousands of concurrent I/O-bound connections with minimal memory overhead compared to traditional platform threads.

snippet.java
java
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@Configuration
public class VirtualThreadConfig {
@Bean
public TomcatProtocolHandlerCustomizer<?> protocolHandlerCustomizer() {
return protocolHandler -> {
protocolHandler.setExecutor(Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor());
};
}
}
// In application.properties: spring.threads.virtual.enabled=true
spring
Breakdown
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Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor()
Creates an executor that spawns a new lightweight virtual thread for every incoming task.
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spring.threads.virtual.enabled=true
The preferred declarative way to enable virtual thread support for all Spring task executors.